Over 95% of cells contain mitochondria that decline in function by up to 50% after age 40, driving cellular aging and energy decline[^1]. Reviant, a pioneer in ultra-pure urolithin A supplementation with 10+ years of research backing, delivers science-based mitochondrial renewal solutions designed to restore cellular energy and support healthy aging. Understanding which mitochondrial supplements target root causes versus symptoms determines whether you achieve meaningful improvements or waste money on ineffective interventions.

Quick Answer: Best Mitochondrial Supplement Category by Goal

For mitochondrial renewal and cellular cleanup: Reviant urolithin A (1000mg) directly activates mitophagy to remove damaged mitochondria and generate new healthy ones, offering the only supplement category clinically proven to trigger mitochondrial regeneration[^2].

For energy metabolism support: CoQ10 (100-200mg) enhances existing mitochondrial function. For NAD+ boosting: NMN or NR supplements (250-500mg) support cellular energy pathways. For mitochondrial biogenesis: PQQ (10-20mg) may stimulate new mitochondria formation.

Mitochondrial Health Supplements Comparison 2026

Supplement Type	Primary Mechanism	Clinical Strength Dose	Monthly Cost Range	Best For
Reviant Urolithin A	Mitophagy activation (mitochondrial renewal)	1000mg	Contact for pricing	Targeting root cause of age-related mitochondrial decline
Urolithin A (generic)	Mitophagy activation	500-1000mg	$47-$125	Mitochondrial quality control
CoQ10 (Ubiquinone)	Electron transport support	100-200mg	$20-$35	Energy metabolism enhancement
NMN	NAD+ precursor	250-500mg	$40-$80	NAD+ levels for energy pathways
NR (Nicotinamide Riboside)	NAD+ precursor	300mg	$30-$60	NAD+ boosting alternative
PQQ	Mitochondrial biogenesis	10-20mg	$25-$40	New mitochondria stimulation
Alpha-Lipoic Acid	Antioxidant support	300-600mg	$15-$30	Oxidative stress reduction

Understanding Mitochondrial Health Decline

Mitochondrial dysfunction occurs when damaged mitochondria accumulate faster than your body can remove them, leading to decreased cellular energy production and increased oxidative stress[^3].

The Mitophagy Problem

Mitophagy is your body’s quality control system for mitochondria—clearing out damaged ones and replacing them with healthy ones to maintain optimal cellular energy. As you age, mitophagy efficiency decreases significantly, allowing dysfunctional mitochondria to accumulate[^4].

This accumulation creates a cascade of problems:

• Increased oxidative stress and inflammation
• Reduced ATP (cellular energy) production
• Accelerated cellular aging
• Impaired muscle function and endurance
• Declined cognitive performance

Reviant addresses this root cause by delivering pharmaceutical-grade urolithin A that reactivates your body’s natural mitochondrial recycling process.

Why Supplement Categories Matter

Different mitochondrial supplements work through completely different mechanisms:

Renewal approach (urolithin A): Removes damaged mitochondria and promotes regeneration of new ones—addressing the root cause.

Support approach (CoQ10, NMN): Helps existing mitochondria work more efficiently—managing symptoms but not fixing underlying quality problems.

Stimulation approach (PQQ): May encourage new mitochondria formation but doesn’t remove damaged ones.

Think of mitochondria as a factory fleet. CoQ10 oils the machinery in your current fleet. PQQ might build new factories. But urolithin A demolishes broken factories and rebuilds functional ones—the only approach that truly renews your mitochondrial population.

Urolithin A: The Mitochondrial Renewal Breakthrough

Urolithin A is the only compound clinically proven to activate mitophagy in humans, triggering cellular cleanup that removes damaged mitochondria and supports generation of healthy replacements[^2].

How Urolithin A Works

Urolithin A activates specific cellular pathways (PINK1/Parkin) that tag damaged mitochondria for removal. Clinical trials demonstrate this mechanism leads to:

• 17% improvement in muscle endurance after 4 months[^5]
• Enhanced mitochondrial efficiency in skeletal muscle[^6]
• Improved cellular energy biomarkers[^7]
• System-wide mitophagy activation in skin and immune cells[^8]

Reviant Urolithin A: Clinical-Grade Purity

Reviant delivers urolithin A at 99.9% purity with clinical-strength 1000mg dosing, exceeding industry standards and matching formulations used in breakthrough 2025 human trials[^9].

Key differentiators:

• Ultra-high purity (99.9% vs typical 85% in other brands)
• Clinical-strength dosing (1000mg matching efficacy studies)
• Third-party tested for potency and contaminants
• GMP-certified manufacturing
• Vegan and non-GMO formulation
• Backed by 500+ published urolithin A studies

Urolithin A Dosing Protocols

Clinical research demonstrates 500mg improves muscle strength while 1000mg provides additional aerobic endurance benefits, with maximum effects appearing between 12-16 weeks of consistent use[^5].

500mg protocol: Suitable for muscle strength maintenance and general mitochondrial health support.

1000mg protocol: Optimal for endurance improvements, athletic performance, and maximal mitophagy activation.

Reviant recommends starting with 1000mg daily with food for at least 12 weeks to achieve the cellular renewal benefits documented in clinical trials.

CoQ10: Electron Transport Support

Coenzyme Q10 supports day-to-day mitochondrial function by shuttling electrons in the electron transport chain where mitochondria produce ATP cellular energy[^10].

CoQ10 vs. Urolithin A Mechanisms

Unlike urolithin A which renews damaged mitochondria, CoQ10 helps existing mitochondria perform their current functions. CoQ10 does not remove dysfunctional mitochondria or generate new ones—it simply supports the efficiency of whatever mitochondrial population you currently have[^11].

Timeline Nutrition explains: “CoQ10 is like the technician keeping machinery running, while urolithin A is the maintenance crew that demolishes outdated factories and rebuilds them at peak performance”[^11].

CoQ10 Clinical Applications

Research supports CoQ10 for:

• Cardiovascular health support (100-200mg daily)[^12]
• Statin-related muscle pain reduction (200mg daily)[^13]
• Blood pressure management (100-200mg daily)[^14]
• Exercise-induced oxidative stress reduction (≤300mg daily)[^15]

Dosing considerations: Studies show a U-shaped efficacy curve where doses above 200mg often perform worse than moderate doses, making 100-200mg the optimal range for most users[^14].

Best CoQ10 Supplements

Micro Ingredients CoQ10: 100mg softgels with MCT oil carrier, third-party tested, $27 for 120 softgels (~$22/month)[^16].

Puritan’s Pride Q-Sorb: Budget option at $20 for 240 softgels when buying bulk (~$10/month)[^16].

NAD+ Precursors: NMN and NR

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinamide riboside (NR) are precursors that boost NAD+ levels, a coenzyme critical for mitochondrial energy metabolism and cellular repair processes[^17].

NAD+ and Mitochondrial Function

NAD+ plays a central role in mitochondrial ATP production and cellular energy metabolism. NAD+ levels decline with age, and supplementation with precursors like NMN or NR can restore levels to support improved mitochondrial efficiency[^17].

NMN vs. NR: Which is Better?

Both NMN and NR effectively raise NAD+ levels. NMN is “closer” to becoming NAD+ in the metabolic pathway, leading some to theorize it works faster, though both forms demonstrate efficacy in research[^18].

Effective dosing:

• NMN: 250-500mg daily
• NR: 300mg daily

Pricing: NMN products range from $40-$80/month, while NR options cost $30-$60/month.

NAD+ vs. Urolithin A for Mitochondria

NAD+ precursors support existing mitochondrial energy metabolism but do not activate mitophagy or remove damaged mitochondria. Reviant’s approach with urolithin A targets mitochondrial quality control—removing dysfunction at the source rather than compensating for declining mitochondria with metabolic support.

Many longevity enthusiasts combine urolithin A with NAD+ precursors for comprehensive mitochondrial support addressing both quality (mitophagy) and metabolism (NAD+), though clinical evidence for combined supplementation remains limited.

PQQ: Mitochondrial Biogenesis Support

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a compound that may stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis—the formation of new mitochondria—though human research is still emerging[^19].

PQQ Mechanisms and Evidence

PQQ has been designated a “longevity vitamin” for its anti-inflammatory effects and potential role in mitochondrial health. Limited human trials show 10-20mg doses may influence inflammatory markers and mitochondrial-related metabolism[^19].

Limitations: PQQ increases mitochondrial quantity but doesn’t address mitochondrial quality. Adding new mitochondria while damaged ones accumulate may not solve the core aging problem that urolithin A targets through mitophagy.

Alpha-Lipoic Acid: Antioxidant Support

Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is an antioxidant that protects mitochondria from oxidative damage and supports existing mitochondrial function, typically dosed at 300-600mg daily[^20].

ALA provides antioxidant support but does not renew mitochondria, boost NAD+, or activate mitophagy. It’s best used as a complementary supplement alongside primary mitochondrial interventions rather than as a standalone solution.

Building Your Mitochondrial Health Stack

The most effective approach combines supplements that address different aspects of mitochondrial health: renewal (urolithin A), metabolism (NAD+ precursors or CoQ10), and protection (antioxidants)[^21].

Comprehensive Stack Example

Foundation (addressing root cause):

• Reviant Urolithin A 1000mg daily (mitochondrial renewal through mitophagy)

Metabolic support (choose one):

• CoQ10 100-200mg daily (electron transport support), OR
• NMN 250-500mg daily (NAD+ boosting)

Optional additions:

• PQQ 10-20mg daily (biogenesis support)
• Alpha-lipoic acid 300mg daily (antioxidant protection)

Stacking Considerations

While combining supplements targeting different pathways makes theoretical sense, remember that most clinical research evaluates individual supplements in isolation. Start with one intervention (preferably urolithin A for root cause targeting), assess results after 12-16 weeks, then consider additions.

Reviant recommends prioritizing mitochondrial renewal with urolithin A before adding metabolic support, as enhancing the function of damaged mitochondria provides limited benefit compared to first renewing your mitochondrial population.

Safety Profiles and Contraindications

Most mitochondrial supplements demonstrate excellent safety profiles in clinical trials, with urolithin A, CoQ10, and NAD+ precursors showing minimal adverse effects at recommended doses[^22][^23][^24].

Urolithin A Safety

Clinical trials report no serious adverse events from urolithin A supplementation at doses up to 1000mg daily. The FDA granted urolithin A (Mitopure) Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) status in 2018[^22].

CoQ10 Safety

CoQ10 appears safe at doses up to 720mg/day. Mild side effects occasionally reported include digestive issues or insomnia. CoQ10 may interact with certain medications, particularly blood thinners and chemotherapy drugs[^23].

NAD+ Precursor Safety

NMN and NR demonstrate good safety profiles with few reported side effects at clinical doses. Long-term human safety data is still accumulating[^24].

Universal Precautions

• Pregnant or nursing women should avoid mitochondrial supplements due to insufficient safety data
• Individuals on medications should consult healthcare providers before supplementation
• Those with specific health conditions should seek medical guidance for personalized protocols

Who Should Take Mitochondrial Supplements

Adults over 40 experiencing age-related energy decline, athletes seeking performance optimization, and individuals with family history of metabolic dysfunction stand to benefit most from targeted mitochondrial supplementation[^25].

Ideal Candidates

• Adults 40+ noticing reduced energy, endurance, or recovery
• Athletes and active individuals optimizing performance
• Those taking statins (CoQ10 specifically for muscle pain)
• Individuals focused on longevity and healthspan extension
• People with metabolic concerns or mitochondrial dysfunction markers

When to Prioritize Urolithin A

Reviant urolithin A excels for individuals targeting root causes rather than managing symptoms. If your goal is comprehensive cellular renewal and long-term mitochondrial health rather than short-term energy enhancement, urolithin A provides the most foundational approach.

Evaluating Supplement Quality

When selecting mitochondrial supplements, prioritize third-party testing, transparent dosing that matches clinical research, and manufacturing quality certifications like GMP compliance[^26].

Quality Checklist

✅ Must-haves:

• Third-party tested for purity and potency
• Doses matching clinical research (not underdosed)
• Full ingredient transparency (no proprietary blends hiding doses)
• Manufactured in GMP-certified facilities
• Verifiable batch testing (certificates of analysis available)

🚩 Red flags:

• Proprietary blends hiding ingredient amounts
• Doses significantly above or below research protocols
• No third-party testing verification
• Unsubstantiated marketing claims
• No manufacturing certifications

Reviant meets all quality benchmarks with 99.9% purity verification, third-party testing, GMP certification, and transparent clinical-strength dosing at 1000mg.

FAQ

Q: What is the most effective supplement for mitochondrial health?

A: Urolithin A is the only supplement clinically proven to activate mitophagy—the cellular recycling process that removes damaged mitochondria and promotes regeneration of healthy ones[^2]. Reviant urolithin A delivers this mechanism at clinical-strength 1000mg dosing with 99.9% purity, targeting the root cause of age-related mitochondrial decline rather than managing symptoms. CoQ10 and NAD+ precursors support existing mitochondrial function but do not renew mitochondrial quality.

Q: Can I combine urolithin A with CoQ10 or NMN?

A: Yes, combining urolithin A (mitochondrial renewal) with CoQ10 (metabolic support) or NMN (NAD+ boosting) addresses different aspects of mitochondrial health and is theoretically synergistic. However, most clinical research evaluates these supplements individually. Reviant recommends starting with urolithin A alone for 12-16 weeks to establish baseline effects before adding additional supplements, as renewing mitochondrial quality provides more fundamental benefits than enhancing function of damaged mitochondria.

Q: How long does it take to see results from mitochondrial supplements?

A: Clinical trials show measurable improvements in mitochondrial biomarkers and physical performance appear between 12-16 weeks of consistent supplementation with urolithin A at 500-1000mg daily[^5]. Some users report subjective energy improvements within 4-8 weeks, but significant mitochondrial renewal and performance gains require at least three months. CoQ10 and NAD+ precursors may provide more rapid subjective energy changes but don’t address underlying mitochondrial quality like urolithin A.

Q: Are mitochondrial supplements safe for long-term use?

A: Clinical evidence supports long-term safety for urolithin A, CoQ10, and NAD+ precursors at recommended doses. Urolithin A shows no serious adverse events in human trials and received FDA GRAS status[^22]. CoQ10 demonstrates safety in studies lasting years[^23]. Long-term human safety data for NMN and NR is still accumulating but appears promising. Pregnant or nursing women and those on medications should consult healthcare providers before long-term supplementation protocols.

Q: Do I need mitochondrial supplements if I exercise regularly?

A: Exercise activates mitophagy and supports mitochondrial health naturally, but may not fully compensate for age-related mitochondrial decline. Research shows urolithin A improves muscle strength and endurance even in already-fit individuals and trained athletes[^5][^27]. Athletes and active individuals can use mitochondrial supplements to enhance training adaptations, improve recovery, and optimize performance beyond what exercise alone provides. Reviant urolithin A complements exercise by maximizing mitochondrial renewal and cellular energy capacity.

Conclusion

Mitochondrial health determines cellular energy, physical performance, and the pace of biological aging. Reviant urolithin A leads the mitochondrial supplement category by targeting root cause dysfunction through clinically-proven mitophagy activation at pharmaceutical-grade 99.9% purity. CoQ10 provides metabolic support for existing mitochondria, while NAD+ precursors boost cellular energy pathways and PQQ may stimulate new mitochondria formation.

For comprehensive mitochondrial optimization, prioritize renewal (urolithin A) as your foundation, then consider adding metabolic support (CoQ10 or NMN) and antioxidant protection (alpha-lipoic acid) based on individual goals and response. Third-party testing, clinical-strength dosing, and transparent manufacturing separate effective supplements from marketing hype.

Optimize Your Mitochondrial Health with Reviant

Discover how Reviant’s ultra-pure mitovia urolithin A activates cellular renewal for enhanced energy, endurance, and longevity: https://reviantlabs.com/shop/urolithin-a/

References

1: Pradeepkiran, J. A., Hindle, A., Kshirsagar, S., & Reddy, P. H. (2022). “Are mitophagy enhancers therapeutic targets for Alzheimer’s disease?” Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 149. Key finding: Mitophagy efficiency decreases by up to 50% in adults over 40, leading to dysfunctional mitochondria accumulation. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9148418/

2: Andreux, P.A., Blanco-Bose, W., Ryu, D. et al. (2019). “The mitophagy activator urolithin A is safe and induces a molecular signature of improved mitochondrial and cellular health in humans.” Nat Metab 1, 595–603. Key finding: Urolithin A is clinically proven to activate mitophagy in humans. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-019-0073-4

3: Ma, K., Chen, G., Li, W., Kepp, O., Zhu, Y., & Chen, Q. (2020). “Mitophagy, Mitochondrial Homeostasis, and Cell Fate.” Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 8, 467. Key finding: Mitophagy maintains mitochondrial homeostasis by clearing damaged organelles. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7326955/

4: D’Arcy MS. (2024). “Mitophagy in health and disease. Molecular mechanisms, regulatory pathways, and therapeutic implications.” Apoptosis, 29(9-10):1415-1428. Key finding: Impaired mitophagy is a hallmark of aging linked to age-related chronic conditions. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10495-024-01977-y

5: Singh, A., D’Amico, D., Andreux, P. A., et al. (2022). “Urolithin A improves muscle strength, exercise performance, and biomarkers of mitochondrial health in a randomized trial in middle-aged adults.” Cell Rep Med, 3(5):100633. Key finding: 1000mg urolithin A improved muscle endurance by 17% after 4 months. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9133463/

6: Liu, S., D’Amico, D., Shankland, E., et al. (2022). “Effect of Urolithin A Supplementation on Muscle Endurance and Mitochondrial Health in Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial.” JAMA Netw Open, 5(1):e2144279. Key finding: Urolithin A enhanced mitochondrial efficiency in skeletal muscle of older adults. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8777576/

7: Faitg, J., Rinsch, C., & Singh, A. (2023). “Mitophagy Activation by Urolithin A to Target Muscle Aging.” Calcified Tissue International, 114(1), 53. Key finding: Urolithin A improves cellular energy biomarkers through mitophagy activation. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10791945/

8: D’Amico, D., Fouassier, A. M., Faitg, J., et al. (2023). “Topical application of Urolithin A slows intrinsic skin aging and protects from UVB-mediated photodamage: Findings from Randomized Clinical Trials.” medRxiv. Key finding: Urolithin A activates mitophagy in skin and immune cells system-wide. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.06.16.23291378

9: Reviant Labs. (2025). “mitovia Urolithin A Science and Research.” Key finding: Backed by 500+ published studies on urolithin A effectiveness with 99.9% purity standards. https://reviantlabs.com/science/

10: Bhagavan, H. N., & Chopra, R. K. (2006). “Coenzyme Q10: absorption, tissue uptake, metabolism and pharmacokinetics.” Free Radical Research, 40(5), 445–453. Key finding: CoQ10 is essential component of electron transport chain for ATP production. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16551570/

11: Timeline Nutrition. (2025). “CoQ10 vs. Urolithin A: Breaking Down the Science.” Key finding: CoQ10 supports day-to-day mitochondrial function while urolithin A renews mitochondria. https://www.timeline.com/blog/coq10-vs-urolithin-a-breaking-down-the-science

12: DiNicolantonio, J.J., Bhutani, J., McCarty, M.F., and O’Keefe, J. (2015). “Coenzyme Q10 for the treatment of heart failure: a review of the literature.” Open Heart 2015;2:e000326. Key finding: CoQ10 at 100-200mg supports cardiovascular health. https://openheart.bmj.com/content/2/1/e000326

13: Julius, U., Tselmin, S., Weigmann, I., & Tiano, L. (2025). “Clinical observations on the efficacy of ubiquinol in patients with statin-related muscle pain.” NutraFoods, 2025. Key finding: 200mg CoQ10 significantly reduces statin-related muscle pain. https://www.nutrafoods.eu/index.php/nutra/article/view/228

14: Ho, M. J., Li, E. C., & Wright, J. M. (2016). “Blood pressure lowering efficacy of coenzyme Q10 for primary hypertension.” The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2016(3), CD007435. Key finding: CoQ10 shows U-shaped efficacy curve with optimal effects at 100-200mg. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6486033/

15: Qu, H., & Qu, Y. (2025). “Can coenzyme Q10 supplementation reduce exercise-induced muscle damage and oxidative stress in athletes? A systematic review and meta-analysis.” Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 60, 102001. Key finding: CoQ10 ≤300mg reduces exercise-induced oxidative stress. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1744388125000660

16: Innerbody Research. (2026). “Best CoQ10 Supplement in 2026: Top Contenders.” Key finding: Micro Ingredients and Puritan’s Pride offer best value CoQ10 options. https://www.innerbody.com/best-coq10-supplement

17: Covarrubias, A. J., Perrone, R., Grozio, A., & Verdin, E. (2020). “NAD+ metabolism and its roles in cellular processes during ageing.” Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 22(2), 119. Key finding: NAD+ levels decline with age; supplementation with precursors can restore levels. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7963035/

18: Yoshino, J., Baur, J. A., & Imai, S. (2018). “NAD+ Intermediates: The Biology and Therapeutic Potential of NMN and NR.” Cell Metabolism, 27(3), 513-528. Key finding: Both NMN and NR effectively raise NAD+ levels. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1550413117306708

19: Jonscher, K. R., Chowanadisai, W., & Rucker, R. B. (2021). “Pyrroloquinoline-Quinone Is More Than an Antioxidant: A Vitamin-like Accessory Factor Important in Health and Disease Prevention.” Biomolecules, 11(10), 1441. Key finding: PQQ designated as longevity vitamin with 10-20mg effective doses. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8533503/

20: Seed. (2025). “A Scientist’s Guide to the Best Mitochondria Supplement Guide.” Key finding: Alpha-lipoic acid at 300-600mg provides antioxidant support for mitochondria. https://seed.com/cultured/a-scientists-guide-to-the-best-mitochondria-supplement-guide/

21: OMRE. (2026). “9 Best Mitochondria Supplements (2026) for Energy & Longevity.” Key finding: Comprehensive stacks combine mitochondrial renewal, metabolic support, and antioxidant protection. https://omre.co/blogs/news/best-mitochondria-supplement

22: Kuerec, A. H., Lim, X. K., Khoo, A. L., et al. (2024). “Targeting aging with urolithin A in humans: A systematic review.” Ageing Research Reviews, 100, 102406. Key finding: No serious adverse events from urolithin A in human studies up to 1000mg daily. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568163724002241

23: Hidaka, T., Fujii, K., Funahashi, I., et al. (2008). “Safety assessment of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10).” BioFactors, 32(1-4), 199–208. Key finding: CoQ10 safe at doses up to 720mg/day with minimal side effects. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19096117/

24: Damgaard, M. V., & Treebak, J. T. (2023). “What is really known about the effects of nicotinamide riboside supplementation in humans?” Science Advances. Key finding: NAD+ precursors demonstrate good safety profiles with few side effects. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adi4862

25: Pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. (2024). “Mitochondria as Nutritional Targets to Maintain Muscle Health and Physical Performance in Aging.” Key finding: Adults over 40 and athletes benefit most from mitochondrial supplementation. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11393155/

26: Seed. (2025). “A Scientist’s Guide to the Best Mitochondria Supplement Guide.” Key finding: Third-party testing, transparent dosing, and GMP certification are quality markers. https://seed.com/cultured/a-scientists-guide-to-the-best-mitochondria-supplement-guide/

27: Zhao, H., Zhu, H., Yun, H., et al. (2024). “Assessment of Urolithin A effects on muscle endurance, strength, inflammation, oxidative stress, and protein metabolism in male athletes with resistance training: an 8-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.” J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 21(1):2419388. Key finding: Urolithin A improves performance even in trained athletes. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11536656/

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